TOEFL ESSAY WRITING

공유하기

Week 5

Objectives:

  • To identify common errors in written English.
  • To improve sentence structure.

Fragments

Fragments are sentences that are not complete. Usually they are missing a subject, verb or object. Sometimes quite long sentences are fragments, usually because they are made up of noun phrases. It is important to remember that it is content and structure, not length that make a sentence.

Can you see the problems in the following examples?

  • The development of Korea, the economy, the transport systems, the education, and the social services.
  • Although I like pets.
  • After that, the boy.
  • Also, the problems, the worries and the difficulties.
  • Such as entertainment and leisure options.
  • For example, coffee, sugar and cigarettes.
  • To fix them, you may need to add a verb or subject, connect them to the sentence directly before or after, or simply add more information with a phrase.

Example:

  • The development of Korea, the economy, the transport systems, the education, and the social services has been rapid.
  • Although I like pets, I would not have a large one in a small apartment .
  • After that, the boy fell asleep.
  • Also, the problems, the worries and the difficulties can cause stress.
  • City life has many advantages, such as entertainment and leisure options.
  • Many common, legal substances are very bad for out health, for example, coffee, sugar and cigarettes.

Comma Splices & Run-On

  • These are sentences that should be separated (either as two sentences, or distinct parts of a sentence separated by a comma) but are joined.
  • Can you see the problem in the following examples?
  • Our modern life is very stressful we work too hard and we don’t have enough free time.
  • Nowadays we eat a lot of fast food, we don’t exercise enough.
  • Children are very busy they go to school in addition to private academies and having tutors at home.
  • Women do not stay at home anymore they go out to work and have careers as well as families.
  • To fix them, you may need to add a comma and conjunction (and/so/but) or you may need to add a period (full stop).

Example:

  • Our modern life is very stressful. We work too hard and we don’t have enough free time.
  • Nowadays we eat a lot of fast food, and we don’t exercise enough.
  • Children are very busy. They go to school in addition to private academies and having tutors at home.
  • Women do not stay at home anymore. They go out to work and have careers as well as families.